Appaeatus foe deying spent geain and the like



(No Model.) I

2 Shee ts--Sheet 1.

F. E. OTTO. APPARATUS FOR DRYING SPENT GRAIN AND THE LIKE.

No. 475,602. Patented May 24, 1892.

(N0 Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

F. E. OTTO.

APPARATUS FOR. DRYING SPENT GRAIN AND THE LIKE. No. 475,602. PatentedMay 24, 1892.

ELI/611.7407,

.- JMw m: mums PETERS cc. Mow-Anna WASHINGTON u c UNITED STATES PATENTOFFI E.

FRIEDRICH ERNST OTTO, OF DORTMUND, GERMANY.

APPARATUS FOR DRYING SPENT GRAIN AND THE LIKE.

SPECIFICATION-forming part of Letters Patent No. 475,602, dated May 24,1892. Application filed August 25,1891- Serial No. 403,745- (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, FRIEDRICH ERNST Orro, a subject of the King ofPrussia, resident at Dortmund, in the Kingdom'of Prussia, German Empire,have invented new and useful Improvements in and Relating to Apparatusfor Drying Spent Grain and the Like, of which the following is aspecification.

My invention relates to drying apparatus or appliances in which thesteam, hot air, or the like used for the purpose of drying is caused topass consecutively or simultaneously through a number of double-sided ordoublewalled troughs or trays, such troughs or trays being consecutivelytraversed by the material to be dried. The adhesion of the material tothe inner casing of the trough is prevented by a stirring apparatus,agitator, or paddle fixed in the said troughs, and on account of thespeed of revolution or rotationimparted to the said paddle, such speedbeing in each case in accordance with or corresponding to the degree ofdampness or amount of moisture of the material, the heating-surfaces areutilized to the greatest extent possible. In order to increase theheating or drying effect, the steam can also be conducted through abunch of tubes, which are constructed to revolve in the material to bedried, these tubes or pipes being conical or tapering and so arrangedthat the spaces between the same are greatest at the point where thematerial falls into the trough, the said spaces gradually decreasingtoward the outlet for the material under treatment. In consequence ofthis arrangement a stoppage or obstruction of the spaces between thepipes or tubes 1s prevented, as the material introduced into the troughis always in a condition of greater dryness when passing the narrowestspaces. In order to utilize the steam and heat issuing from the materialto be dried, it is preferable to arrange the troughs in such a mannerthat the steam is always compelled to pass along the base of the nextsucceeding trough, thus imparting its Warmth to the latter.

The chief advantage of my improved drying apparatus is that the samepermit-s material or substances containing a great amount of moistureand slime to be dried by a continued treatment in the apparatus Withoutfirst removing a part of the moisture therefrom by mechanical means-as,for instance, by squeezing or pressingand thereby preventing the removalat the same time of valuable or useful elements or parts of the materialor substance under treatment.

In the accompanying drawings I have shown how my invention may beconveniently and advantageously carried into practice.

Figure l is a cross-section of my improved drying apparatus, and Fig. 2is a longitudinal section of the same.

In my improved drying apparatus the do able-Walled troughs or trays Aare arranged one above the other. The steam or hot air which isintroduced into the top trough at a flows between the two walls of thetrough through the Whole length of the same and passes through an outletat b, and through the pipe 0 into the next succeeding trough or tray,and so on. The steam which passes from the lowest trough flows throughthe hollow journal d into the heating-pipes e and escapes eventuallythrough the opposite journal-pivot d. The condensation-water formed inthe trough is let off by a suitable cook or valve at f.

The stirring apparatus or paddles O G 0'', inside the troughs, havingtheir hearing in the frames B, are set in motion from a drivingbeltpulley by means of other suitable pulleys in such a manner that to eachstirring apparatus or paddle of the several troughs a different speed ofrotation is imparted, which diminishes with the decrease of the amountof moisture-that is to say, with the increased dryness of the material.For the reason that the highest speed is imparted to the stirringapparatus or paddle in the first trough no time is given to the drying,and perhaps sticky, material or substance to adhere to the sides of thetrough. Besides this, the material is more often brought into contactwith the heated surface, thereby accelerating the evaporation. Thisarrangement therefore enables the greatest possible use to be made ofthe heating or drying surfaces. The material to be dried is pouredthrough the funnel D into the top trough, and after traversing thistrough by the action of the stirring apparatus or paddle flows out atthe opposite end through the connecting-pipes E into the next succeedingtrough, and so on until it eventually passes out of the apparatusthrough the channel F. p

In the stirring apparatus or paddle O the blades or vanes g areconstructed of fiat iron in order that the material, by the revolvingaction of the said blades, may be driven or cut asunder to the greatestpossible extent, thereby insuring a better evaporation. Behind theblades or vanes g are fixed brushes h, which revolve with the former andtouch or scrape the inner surface of the trough and p flm free m everyadhesion or deposit of the material, the agitating movement and thecarrying forward or removal of the material being, however, almostentirely accomplished by the action of the aforesaid blades. For thereason that the brushes are subjected to but a small amount of wear anaccurate working is achieved, so that even very moist and slimysubstances or material can be dried in my improved apparatus bycontinued treatment without previously removing or expelling a part ofthe moisture contained in the material.

In the stirring apparatus or paddle O brushes are not employed, theblades or van es 9 being bent in an upward direction at the sides, as inordinary shovels, both ends, how

ever, being open, so thatby the action of the aforesaid blades thematerial, which during the working of the blades has reached ahighertemperature, may be thrown or caused to pass from one side of the troughto the other. The blades g of the stirring apparatus 0', which are alsoprovided at the sides with turned-up edges or borders, are of such ashape or form that upon the falling of the material they spread out thesame to the greatest possible extent. To accomplish this, the saidblades are made wider at their delivery-edges than at the edges wherethe material is received. Under the term delivery edges" is understoodthe inside edge of the blades g, since on following the motion of thesaid blades it will be found that the outward edges pick up thematerial, While the inner edges deliver the same. The heating-pipes e,fixed in theinside of the stirring apparatus or paddle and revolvingwith the same, are so arranged and connected to the walls or partitionst, that the spaces between the difierent pipes e are largest at thepointwhere the material enters the trough. For this reason even very moistmaterial cannot block or fall too slowly through the spaces. Inaccordance with the advance of the material and the consequent greateramount of dryness the heating-pipes e are made of larger diameter at oneend, as shown, so that the greatest possible heating-surface is obtainedin a given space. To the stirring apparatus 0" is imparted such a speedof rotation that the material lifted by the blades of the same is causedto fall or descend at an angle of forty to fifty degrees between theheatingpipes e.

In order to utilize the steam- -that is to say, the heat issuing fromthe drying materialthe former is caused to pass through the opening intothe part G, situated under the trough C, from which it passes into thespace G through the pipe Z, situated under the trough O, and eventuallyescapes through the pipe 1 into the ventilator-chimney H, attached tothe trough O. The steam issuing from 0 passes through k directly intothe space G.

.This suction of the evaporationases can be increased by artificialventilation. Openings provided at m in the supply pipes or funnel Eallow the direct supply of air from the outside to the material tobedried.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent in the UnitedStates, is-

The combination, in a drying apparatus consisting of a number ofdouble-walled troughs A, of steam or hot-air suppliesa b c, a funnel D,connecting-pipes E for conducting the material to be dried into the nextsucceeding troughs, and an agitator C, providedwith bladesg and withcentral heatingpipes e of a conical or tapering form, substantially asdescribed.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

FRIEDRICH ERNST OTTO.

Witnesses:

HUGO RIELZ, I-I. GEHRING.

